Hepatitis A is a virus that causes inflammation of the liver. It’s usually found in the stool or blood of an infected person. Some people who have hepatitis A don’t have symptoms. This means that many more people are infected than are diagnosed.
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Hepatitis A
Learn more about symptoms, risk factors and treatment options.
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What is it?
Symptoms
Symptoms of hepatitis A include:
- Anemia
- Fatigue
- Jaundice
- Joint pain
- Rash
When to see a doctor
If you have symptoms that resemble with hepatitis A, it’s time to see a doctor.
Causes and risk factors
You can get hepatitis A if:
- You eat food or drink water that has been contaminated by stools (feces) containing the virus (fruits, vegetables, shellfish, ice and water)
- You touch the stool or blood of a person who has hepatitis A
- A person with hepatitis A does not wash their hands properly after going to the bathroom and touches other objects or food
- You participate in sexual activities that involve oral-anal contact
Risk factors for developing hepatitis A include:
- International travel, especially to developing countries
- IV drug use
- Living with an infected individual
- Participating in sexual activities that include oral-anal contact
Treatment options
Treatment options for hepatitis A vary. Sometimes, the condition resolves on its own over a period of weeks or months.
Testing
Your doctor can help you determine if you have hepatitis A. They also may recommend imaging tests (ultrasound, x-ray, CT scan, MRI scan).
Prevention
There are 3 ways to prevent hepatitis A:
- The hepatitis A vaccine: The hepatitis A vaccine is for adults at high risk of getting the virus and children between 12 and 23 months.
- Immune globulin (antibodies): To get short-term immunity from antibodies, you must receive them before exposure or within 2 weeks of being exposed to the virus.
- Lifestyle changes: Avoid tap water or foods washed in untreated water when traveling internationally. Practice good hygiene, including frequent hand washing and sanitation.